Logical Reasoning Course

Lesson 1 • What Is an Argument

Defines premises, conclusions, and inference links that form arguments. Establishes the vocabulary used throughout the entire course.

Lesson 2 • Abductive Reasoning and Inference

Introduces best-explanation reasoning as a third reasoning mode. Connects abduction to hypothesis selection in competitive exam questions.

Lesson 3 • Mapping Argument Structure

Teaches visual and textual techniques for diagramming multi-premise arguments. Prepares students to handle complex passages quickly under timed conditions.

Lesson 1 • Conditional Reasoning and Contrapositive

Focuses on if-then logic, its contrapositive, converse, and inverse. Mastery here directly reduces errors on conditional-chain exam questions.

Lesson 2 • Propositional Logic Basics

Introduces logical connectives and truth-functional semantics. Provides the symbolic language used in all subsequent formal reasoning sections.

Lesson 3 • Truth Tables and Logical Equivalence

Uses truth tables to evaluate compound statements and identify equivalences. Builds mechanical verification skills for validity testing.

Lesson 4 • Predicate Logic Fundamentals

Extends propositional logic to quantified statements using universal and existential quantifiers. Enables precise handling of all/some/none question types.

Lesson 1 • Standard-Form Syllogisms

Defines mood, figure, and the rules for valid syllogistic forms. Provides a systematic checklist for evaluating any three-term argument.

Lesson 2 • The Square of Opposition

Maps logical relationships amongst the four categorical forms. Students use opposition rules to infer truth values without full syllogisms.

Lesson 3 • Venn Diagram Method

Applies three-circle Venn diagrams to test syllogistic validity visually. Offers an exam-ready alternative to rule-based checking.

Lesson 4 • Categorical Statements and Their Types

Covers the four standard categorical forms: A, E, I, and O. Establishes the classification system underlying all syllogistic reasoning.

Lesson 1 • Formal Fallacies

Covers invalid argument forms including affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent. Distinguishes structural errors from content-based errors.

Lesson 2 • Language and Ambiguity Fallacies

Covers equivocation, amphiboly, and false dichotomy arising from imprecise language. Sharpens sensitivity to wording shifts in answer choices.

Lesson 3 • Inductive and Statistical Fallacies

Addresses errors in generalising from samples and misreading statistical data. Directly relevant to data-sufficiency and evidence-evaluation question types.

Lesson 4 • Causal Fallacies

Identifies errors in establishing cause-and-effect relationships. Builds skills for evaluating causal arguments in strengthen and weaken questions.

Lesson 1 • Strengthen and Weaken Questions

Analyses how new information raises or lowers an argument's probability. Students learn to isolate the core claim before evaluating answer choices.

Lesson 2 • Flaw and Paradox Questions

Identifies structural errors in arguments and resolves apparent contradictions. Builds pattern recognition for the most frequently tested reasoning errors.

Lesson 3 • Assumption Questions

Identifies the unstated premises required for an argument to hold. Teaches the negation test as a reliable verification method.

Lesson 4 • Inference and Must-Be-True Questions

Distinguishes conclusions that must follow from those that merely could follow. Prevents over-inference, a leading source of exam errors.

Lesson 1 • Setting Up Logic Game Diagrams

Establishes a universal framework for translating puzzle rules into visual diagrams. A strong setup reduces solving time for all subsequent game types.

Lesson 2 • Grouping and Selection Games

Addresses puzzles that assign elements to categories or select subsets from a pool. Teaches conditional membership rules and mutual-exclusion logic.

Lesson 3 • Hybrid and Complex Games

Integrates ordering and grouping constraints within a single puzzle. Prepares students for the most difficult game formats on advanced exams.

Lesson 4 • Linear Ordering Games

Covers sequencing puzzles where elements occupy distinct ranked positions. Students apply block, separation, and relative-order rules efficiently.

Lesson 1 • Reading Tables and Charts

Develops rapid extraction of key values from tabular and graphical data. Accuracy in reading data is the prerequisite for all quantitative reasoning tasks.

Lesson 2 • Statistical Concepts for Reasoning

Introduces mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation as reasoning tools. Students use these measures to evaluate claims made about data sets.

Lesson 3 • Ratios, Percentages, and Proportions

Applies ratio and percentage calculations to data-set questions. Covers the most frequently tested quantitative operations in competitive exams.

Lesson 4 • Sufficiency and Necessity in Data

Applies sufficient and necessary condition logic to data-sufficiency question formats. Students determine whether given data alone, combined, or neither resolves a question.

Lesson 1 • Diagnosing Reasoning Weaknesses

Uses error logs and practice-test analysis to pinpoint recurring mistake patterns. Targeted diagnosis converts study time into measurable score gains.

Lesson 2 • Peak Performance on Test Day

Covers pre-exam routines, cognitive warm-up, and in-exam recovery tactics. Ensures physical and mental readiness translates into optimal reasoning performance.

Lesson 3 • Time Management Under Exam Conditions

Establishes per-question time budgets and section-level pacing benchmarks. Students practise adaptive pacing to protect time for high-value questions.

Lesson 4 • Full-Length Practice and Review

Simulates real exam conditions with timed full-length practice sets. Post-test review protocols reinforce learning and prevent repeated errors.