A&P Course

Lesson 1 • Anatomical Terminology and Body Planes

Covers directional terms, body planes, and regional names. Enables precise communication about body locations and relationships.

Lesson 2 • Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms

Explains how the body maintains stable internal conditions. Connects feedback loop concepts to physiological regulation throughout the course.

Lesson 3 • Basic Chemistry for Body Function

Reviews atoms, bonds, and key biomolecules relevant to physiology. Grounds students in the chemical basis of cellular and systemic processes.

Lesson 1 • Cell Division and the Cell Cycle

Covers mitosis, meiosis, and cell cycle regulation. Establishes the basis for tissue growth, repair, and reproductive physiology.

Lesson 2 • Organelles and Their Functions

Identifies major organelles and their physiological roles. Connects organelle function to cellular metabolism and protein production.

Lesson 3 • Cell Membrane and Transport

Describes phospholipid bilayer structure and transport mechanisms. Links membrane function to nutrient uptake and waste removal.

Lesson 1 • Connective Tissue Varieties

Surveys loose, dense, cartilage, bone, and blood connective tissues. Emphasizes extracellular matrix composition and its functional significance.

Lesson 2 • Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Describes inflammation, granulation, and scar formation processes. Connects repair capacity to tissue type and clinical outcomes.

Lesson 3 • Epithelial Tissue Classification

Distinguishes epithelial types by cell shape and layering. Relates structural variation to protective, secretory, and absorptive roles.

Lesson 1 • Appendicular Skeleton and Joints

Maps upper and lower limb bones and classifies joint types. Connects joint structure to range of motion and clinical injury patterns.

Lesson 2 • Axial Skeleton Anatomy

Identifies skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage bones and landmarks. Establishes spatial reference for organ and muscle positioning.

Lesson 3 • Skin Layers and Accessory Structures

Details epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis composition and functions. Covers hair, nails, and glands as integral skin components.

Lesson 1 • Neuromuscular Junction and Contraction

Explains acetylcholine release, motor unit recruitment, and twitch summation. Connects neural signaling to graded muscle force production.

Lesson 2 • Skeletal Muscle Microstructure

Details sarcomere organization, myofilaments, and the sliding filament model. Provides the structural basis for understanding contraction mechanics.

Lesson 3 • Levers, Posture, and Movement Analysis

Applies lever class principles to musculoskeletal mechanics and posture. Prepares students for biomechanical reasoning in clinical contexts.

Lesson 4 • Muscle Metabolism and Fatigue

Compares ATP sources during exercise and explains fatigue mechanisms. Links energy systems to endurance and strength training adaptations.

Lesson 1 • Central Nervous System Organization

Maps brain regions, spinal cord structure, and meningeal coverings. Relates regional anatomy to sensory, motor, and integrative functions.

Lesson 2 • Neuron Physiology and Action Potentials

Covers resting membrane potential, depolarization, and signal propagation. Establishes the electrical basis for all neural communication.

Lesson 3 • Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous Systems

Distinguishes somatic, sympathetic, and parasympathetic divisions and their effectors. Connects autonomic tone to homeostatic organ regulation.

Lesson 4 • Sensory Pathways and Special Senses

Traces somatosensory and special sense pathways to cortical processing areas. Integrates receptor physiology with perceptual outcomes.

Lesson 1 • Gas Exchange and Transport

Applies partial pressure gradients to pulmonary and systemic gas exchange. Explains hemoglobin binding, oxygen dissociation, and CO2 transport.

Lesson 2 • Cardiac Conduction and Output

Explains the intrinsic conduction system and factors regulating cardiac output. Links heart rate and stroke volume to systemic demand.

Lesson 3 • Heart Anatomy and Cardiac Cycle

Details heart chambers, valves, and the sequence of systole and diastole. Connects structural anatomy to pressure-volume relationships.

Lesson 4 • Blood Vessel Structure and Blood Pressure

Compares artery, vein, and capillary wall layers and their functional roles. Explains blood pressure generation, measurement, and regulation.

Lesson 1 • Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Integrates renal, respiratory, and buffer system contributions to homeostasis. Applies compensation concepts to common imbalance scenarios.

Lesson 2 • Digestion and Nutrient Absorption

Explains enzymatic breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids and their absorption routes. Links accessory organ secretions to digestive efficiency.

Lesson 3 • Digestive Tract Anatomy and Motility

Traces the alimentary canal from mouth to large intestine and describes motility patterns. Relates wall layers to secretion and absorption functions.

Lesson 4 • Kidney Structure and Urine Formation

Details nephron anatomy and the three-step process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Connects tubular function to urine concentration.