Electrotechnics Course

Lesson 1 • Resistance and Ohm's Law

Covers resistivity, factors affecting resistance, and the linear V-I relationship. Students apply Ohm's Law to calculate unknowns in simple circuits.

Lesson 2 • Power and Energy in DC Circuits

Derives power formulas from Ohm's Law and defines electrical energy consumption. Prepares students to evaluate efficiency and heat dissipation.

Lesson 3 • Basic Circuit Topology

Distinguishes series, parallel, and series-parallel configurations and their properties. Provides the structural vocabulary needed for circuit analysis chapters.

Lesson 4 • Voltage, EMF, and Potential Difference

Defines electromotive force and potential difference as the driving force in circuits. Connects voltage sources to practical energy transfer concepts.

Lesson 1 • Mesh and Nodal Analysis

Introduces mesh current and node voltage methods as systematic alternatives to KVL/KCL. Students solve circuits with multiple sources and branches efficiently.

Lesson 2 • Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Laws

Applies KCL at nodes and KVL around loops to set up circuit equations. Forms the analytical backbone for all network solution methods.

Lesson 3 • Wheatstone Bridge and Resistive Networks

Analyzes balanced and unbalanced bridge circuits and delta-wye transformations. Extends network analysis to measurement and sensor applications.

Lesson 4 • Superposition and Source Transformation

Uses superposition to isolate individual source contributions and source transformation to simplify networks. Reduces complex circuits to manageable sub-problems.

Lesson 1 • RL Circuit Transient Response

Analyzes current buildup and decay in RL circuits and the effect of back-EMF. Connects inductor behavior to switching transients in power systems.

Lesson 2 • RLC Circuit Transient Response

Introduces second-order differential equations governing RLC circuits and damping modes. Students classify overdamped, critically damped, and underdamped responses.

Lesson 3 • Capacitors and Capacitance

Defines capacitance, dielectric effects, and energy stored in electric fields. Establishes the voltage-current relationship for capacitors in circuits.

Lesson 4 • Inductors and Inductance

Covers magnetic flux linkage, self-inductance, and energy stored in magnetic fields. Establishes the voltage-current relationship for inductors in circuits.

Lesson 1 • Phasor Representation and Complex Numbers

Converts sinusoidal time-domain signals to phasors using complex number arithmetic. Enables algebraic rather than differential equation solutions for AC circuits.

Lesson 2 • Impedance of R, L, and C Elements

Derives impedance expressions for resistors, inductors, and capacitors in the frequency domain. Unifies component behavior under a single complex quantity.

Lesson 3 • Resonance in AC Circuits

Analyzes series and parallel resonance conditions, bandwidth, and quality factor. Connects resonance theory to filter and tuning circuit applications.

Lesson 4 • Sinusoidal Waveforms and Parameters

Defines amplitude, frequency, period, phase angle, and RMS values of sinusoidal signals. Provides the mathematical language for all AC analysis.

Lesson 1 • Three-Phase Power Calculations

Calculates real, reactive, and apparent power for balanced three-phase loads. Introduces two-wattmeter and three-wattmeter measurement methods.

Lesson 2 • Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems

Analyzes unbalanced loads using mesh and nodal methods and the neutral shift concept. Prepares students for real-world distribution system irregularities.

Lesson 3 • Delta-Connected Systems

Derives line and phase current relationships in delta configurations and compares them to wye. Students solve balanced delta-source and delta-load problems.

Lesson 4 • Wye-Connected Systems

Derives line and phase voltage and current relationships in wye configurations. Students solve balanced wye-wye and wye-delta circuit problems.

Lesson 1 • Practical Transformer Model

Adds winding resistance, leakage reactance, and core loss components to the ideal model. Students interpret equivalent circuit parameters from nameplate data.

Lesson 2 • Transformer Efficiency and Special Types

Calculates efficiency at various loads and introduces autotransformers and three-phase transformer banks. Extends transformer knowledge to industrial configurations.

Lesson 3 • Magnetic Circuit Fundamentals

Introduces MMF, flux, reluctance, and the magnetic circuit analogy to electric circuits. Provides the foundation for understanding transformer and machine cores.

Lesson 4 • Ideal Transformer Theory

Derives turns ratio relationships for voltage, current, and impedance in ideal transformers. Students apply the ideal model to step-up and step-down calculations.

Lesson 1 • DC Motor Types and Characteristics

Analyzes shunt, series, and compound DC motor speed-torque characteristics and starting methods. Students match motor type to load requirements.

Lesson 2 • Synchronous Machines

Analyzes synchronous generator and motor operation, excitation control, and phasor diagrams. Connects synchronous machine behavior to grid stability concepts.

Lesson 3 • Machine Losses, Efficiency, and Testing

Identifies copper, iron, mechanical, and stray losses and calculates overall machine efficiency. Introduces standard test methods for performance verification.

Lesson 4 • Induction Motor Principles

Explains rotating magnetic field creation, slip, and torque production in three-phase induction motors. Derives the equivalent circuit and torque-speed curve.

Lesson 1 • Harmonics and Waveform Distortion

Defines harmonic orders, total harmonic distortion, and their sources in nonlinear loads. Explains how harmonics degrade equipment performance and increase losses.

Lesson 2 • Harmonic Mitigation Techniques

Covers passive filters, active filters, and phase-shifting transformers for harmonic reduction. Students select appropriate mitigation based on distortion level and load type.

Lesson 3 • Reactive Power and Power Factor Impact

Quantifies the economic and technical consequences of low power factor on distribution systems. Motivates the need for reactive power compensation strategies.

Lesson 4 • Voltage Sags, Swells, and Interruptions

Classifies power quality events by magnitude and duration and identifies their causes. Introduces mitigation devices such as UPS systems and voltage regulators.